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Extra resources for A century of mathematics in America.

Sample text

When we think about it, the obvious fact that, on the whole, we manage to live together in mutual confidence turns mysterious. Martin Hollis, Trust within reason50 In examining how instruments and materials were the subjects of trust or distrust in the past, I am pursuing a relatively unexplored path.

The problem was more serious still when there was an outright breakdown of trust between practitioners engaged in measurements who used nominally the same standards. When practitioners did not trust the reports, techniques, or integrity of rivals engaged in measurements who used the same physical standards, the rendering of numerical results became unavoidably partisan. 1%. Matthiessen’s vitriolic attacks on Siemens’ claims regarding the trustworthiness of mercury columns were matched by Siemens’ challenges to the trustworthiness of Matthiessen’s alloy resistances; the reconciliation of these claims took decades to accomplish.

After all, throughout the period covered by this book, the quantitative value of standards was being contested. Yet the everyday measurement work of telegraph clerks, lighting engineers, and experimental physicists continued almost entirely unperturbed by the endless wrangling among national or international standards committees. The only significant aggravation they endured was when they were obliged to give up their cherished standards and either purchase new forms with fractionally different values or perform extra correctional calculations.

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