By W. Topp (auth.), N. S. Margaris, M. Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki, R. J. Reiter (eds.)
The current quantity comprises chosen papers of the overseas Symposium on variations to Terrestrial atmosphere, held in Halki diki, Greece from Sept twenty sixth to Oct second, 1982. The assembly used to be designed to contemplate the capacity as weIl because the mechanisms wherein organisms adapt to their atmosphere. The papers offered handled a wide number of species from bugs as much as and together with mamrnals. What grew to become obvious through the process the assembly was once the very good number of implies that organisms use to outlive of their specific environmental area of interest. The ploys applied are virtually as various because the variety of species investi gated. this may develop into sincerely obvious within the accompanying manu scripts that are released during this booklet. The Editors allowed the authors of the permitted papers nice leeway when it comes to the thorough ness in their contributions. many of the shows comprise solely new findings, while others largely assessment the present literature. the amount is split into components: Invertebrates and Verte brates. the 1st presents details on variations of inverte brat es on environmental stresses (such as low er excessive temperatures and water deficits) from the physiological and/or biochemical issues of view as weIl as behavioral responses as a result of their lifestyles techniques and interactions with different organisrns. within the moment half papers chosen take care of vertebrates. diversifications to important environmental elements akin to gentle and temperature are mentioned as weIl as behavioral, physiological and biochemical recommendations to difficulties imposed.
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N. was gradually increased. ). Dl,D2,D3,D:DUM neurons. E:tibial extension. F:tibial flexion. Calibration: A 20 ms, B, C 10 ms. COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ORTHOPTERAN SPECIES 53 The other axons from the metathoraeie FETi and inhibitor neurons enter the museIe through N5 and the axon from SETi through N3B (Fig. 5A). Calliptamus sp. This is a relatively small insect with a length of 28 to 30 mm (Fig. IB). 1, a value found for at least four other similar species examined. It was mainly on the top or upper parts of grass or wheat.
This suggests that in this insect the DUM neurons may have a different shape from the homologous neurons of the locust and Calliptamus sp. (Fig. 48, 4C). 5 mm before the bifurcation point, show that one of the smallest axons does not continue up to that point. The axon FETi enters the museie through N4 while the inhibitor and the SETi, enter from N3, the same pattern as in Calliptamus sp. and the locust (Fig. 58). DISCUSSION Acrida mediterranea, Calliptamus sp. There are strong similarities in the basic construction of the metathoraeie ETi museie between the two species and the locust.
58 G. THEOPHILIDIS The walking pattern of Decticus Albifrons is not much different from the locust pattern described by Burns and Usherwood (1979). However, preliminary studies show that it can achieve a high running speed by using its metathoracic ETi muscle. Activation of the FETi, which in the locust is generally silent in fast walking, creates quick short jumps which accelerate the insect. These jumps are extremely fast, accurate and weIl coordinated with all the other legs. This contrasts with most of the other orthoptera, in which the metathoracic FETi is used mainly for the massive activation of the ETi.