By Govind Agrawal
Because the box grew, Agrawal made up our minds to separate this article off from his Nonlinear Fiber Optics, that's extra fascinated about the discipline's basics. This version is meant for senior undergraduates, graduate scholars, engineers and technicians within the telecommunications undefined, and scientists operating with fiber optics and optical communications. It covers the construction blocks of light-wave know-how - fiber-based gratings, couplers, and interferometers - in addition to amplifiers and lasers made utilizing rare-earth-doped fibers; pulse-compression options; fiber-optic communique structures; and soliton-based transmission schemes.
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Additional info for Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics
Sample text
Moreover, the repetition rate of pulse trains generated 28 Fiber Gratings through modulation instability can be tuned over a large range because of large GVD changes occurring with the detuning δ . 1 Linear Stability Analysis For simplicity, we discuss modulation instability using the CW solution given by Eqs. 4) and obtained without imposing the boundary conditions at the grating ends. 1) and linearize Eqs. 2) assuming that the perturbation aj is small. 3) where Γ γ P0 ´1 · f 2 µ is an effective nonlinear parameter.
The pulse shapes seen in Fig. 18(b) show what happens to the transmitted pulse. The initial spike near t 0 in these traces is due to a sharp leading edge of the asymmetric input pulse and should be ignored. Multiple pulses form at the grating output whose number depends on the input power level. At a power level of 3 kW, a single pulse is seen but the number increases to five at a power level of 8 kW. The pulse width is smallest (about 100 ps) near the leading edge of the pulse train but increases substantially for pulses near the trailing edge.
Their combined intensity can increase the refractive index (through a combination of SPM and XPM) enough that both components are transmitted. However, if one of the components is absent at the input (0 bit), the XPM contribution vanishes and both components are reflected by the grating. This occurs simply because the coupled gap soliton forms at a lower peak power level than the Bragg soliton associated with each individual component [127]. 5 kW [108]. 19 (a) Grating transmissivity as a function of input peak power showing the operation of the AND gate and (b) output pulse shapes at a peak power level of 3 kW when only one polarization component (dashed line) or both polarization components (solid line) are incident at the input end.