By Barry Greenberg
Exploring the factors, mechanisms, and pathophysiology of cardiac home improvement, this reference deals distinct descriptions of many of the elements of the transforming procedure, in addition to new healing interventions and up to date and destiny customers for the therapy of cardiac home improvement.
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Sample text
J Clin Invest 1975; 56(1):56–64. 5. Gerdes AM. The use of isolated myocytes to evaluate myocardial remodeling. Trends Cardiovasc Med 1992; 2:152–155. 6. Zile MR. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: is this diastolic heart failure? J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41(9):1519–1522. 7. Spinale FG, Coker ML, Thomas CV, Walker JD, Mukherjee R, Hebbar L. Timedependent changes in matrix metalloproteinase activity and expression during the progression of congestive heart failure: relation to ventricular and myocyte function.
A rapid increase in protein synthesis is demonstrated for acute pressure overload but not for acute volume overload. Source: From Ref. 47. Ventricular Remodeling in Pressure vs. Volume Overload 19 Figure 7 Myosin heavy chain synthesis rate (MHC Ks) in dogs is shown following a stepped increase in aortic constriction. It rose abruptly but fell gradually as the hypertrophic process became complete. Source: From Ref. 48. (Fig. 8; increased message per ribosome) and by translational capacity (Fig. 9, increased ribosomal number), without evidence of increased transcription (MHC message did not increase).
Further in this model (that reflects the hypertrophic variation seen in man), extensive hypertrophy was necessary for maintenance of both myocyte and ventricular contractility. The magnitude of hypertrophy that develops in volume overload also affects the level of compensation that occurs. Many pathologic conditions require increased cardiac output, imposing a volume overload on the heart. Most of these diseases result in the additional volume being delivered into the aorta where they widen pulse 14 Carabello Figure 3 Wall stress (A) and left ventricular mass (B) are shown for dogs that maintained normal ventricular function (open squares) and those that developed ventricular dysfunction (closed circles).