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241, slightly modified. "' Yabu'uchi (I969), p. 366. Ya~u'uchi does suggest later in his discussion (p. 369) that Sung did perhaps to some extent see hiS work as a technical handbook. e that this consideration had any real importance for him. Primarily, the TKKW was a work of populansauon dIrected at a very narrow audience. '19 TKKW, Preface, p. I; Sun & Sun (1966), pp. xiii-iv. (5) MINING 39 AGRICOLA IN CHINA In +1556, the Basel publisher Froben brought out an elaborately illustrated, 586 folio page volume entitled De Re Metallica.

2 I In addition to these mechanical forms of weathering, rocks may also undergo chemical weathering caused by the solvent action of surface waters or organic acids, with soluble substances (silica, carbonates, sulphates, chlorides) being carried down into the ground and often away from their original location. This chemical precipitation can produce deposits of certain iron ores, salt, bauxite, phosphate rock, etc. 22 The operation of weathering processes over a long period often produces a distinctive pattern of ore deposition in mineral veins.

Unschuld ([986), p. 28. 27. 81 The association between magnetite and copper was one of the most commonly accepted in the Chinese literature. It was first referred to in the Kua. 'Tzu (KT) and still accepted by Wu Chhi-chiln in the Chhing (Yen Chung-phing (1957), pp. 5O-[). But the fact remains that there is no especially common association between magnetite and copper, as miners undoubtedly realised. 82 Lest one assume that this was a phenomenon unique to China, it is well to recall that excessive reliance on earlier written accounts rather than observation of contemporary practice was not uncommon even among writers on technology in +[8th century Europe; Harris ([976), p.

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