By Heinrich Zollinger
Who's now not attracted, interested or maybe surprised via the area of colours? firstly there are the painters after all, but in addition biologists and mineralogists have an interest in colours of the dwelling and the inorganic, 'dead', global. There are neuroscientists, psychologists and ophthalmologists, who examine the feeling of colour imaginative and prescient and the processing of colour stimuli within the eye and the mind. Physicists and chemists examine colour technological know-how, i.e. a number of the motives of colour. inside designers understand how the colours of furnishings and textiles can impact our situation. In all cultures, shades play a critical position because of their symbolic content material. All Languages have unique phrases to explain shades and colorfulness. visible artists play with colours to mirror the realm, maybe to alienate it, and to offer us an idea in their own standpoint. Many different examples of the impact of colours on our way of life, our tradition will be found... The 'exact' technological know-how can't comprehend colour phenomena. This relatively interesting publication, written in a mode that's comprehensible for an layman, offers with the entire diversified aspects of this topic.
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Extra info for Color: a multidisciplinary approach
Example text
Group II effects are borderline between physics and chemistry. 36 Physics of Light and Color The causes of color discussed in the preceding three sections all belong to group V. Reasons of space preclude a more detailed discussion of other physical causes of color in this book. Interested readers are recommended to consult Nassau’s review18 or book20. The chemically-based group III and impurity-induced ligand-field (group II) effects are, however, briefly discussed in the following chapter on the chemistry of color.
An important class of dyes and pigments, all essentially made up of fused six-membered rings with conjugated C=C bonds and two to four C=O groups are the so-called vat-dyes. Violanthrone (8) is a typical reddish-blue dye of that class. Two classical natural dyes,indigo (9) and Ancient Purple (10), have already been mentioned in Sect. 1. Chemically, they are related to the synthetic vat-dyes like violanthrone (8), although they contain only two benzene rings. Their formulae 9 and 10 show that Ancient Purple is a derivative of indigo, in which two hydrogen atoms have been substituted with two bromine atoms.
Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic scripts contain a thorough description of the extraction of natural dyes and their application in dyeing. Further developments, stretching over thousands of years, led to quite complicated dyeing processes and high-quality dyeing3. Among these, the following deserve special mention: – Indigo, obtained both from dyer’s woad,indigenous to Europe,and from Indigofera tinctoria, a native plant of Asia; 41 Color: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Heinrich Zollinger © Verlag Helvetic Chimica Acta, Postfach, CH8042 Zürich, Switzerland, 1999 Chemistry of Color – Ancient Purple, extracted from a gland of the purple sea snail by a process developed by the Phoenicians; – Alizarin, on which Turkey Red is based,was obtained from madder Campeachi wood extract imported from Africa.