By Zainul Abedin
This new version of crucial Cardiac Electrophysiology: The Self-Assessment technique keeps the winning formulation of the 1st version, offering a concise and thorough evaluate of Electrophysiology supplemented through hard questions readers can use to check their wisdom and get ready for examinations.
Comprehensively up-to-date and considerably improved to incorporate the most recent options, findings from modern examine, emergent diagnostic instruments, and new healing options, crucial Cardiac Electrophysiology: The Self-Assessment technique now bargains insurance of a few of most well-liked issues in EP, including:
HCN channels; Congenital, and paroxysmal AV blocks; Left atrial flutter; Electrophysiologic overview of AVNRT and AVRT; VT ablation; brief QT syndrome; Early repolarization and ventricular traumatic inflammation; Aortic cusp VT; Commotio Cordis, and more.
Fact-based and clinically-focused, crucial Cardiac Electrophysiology: The Self-Assessment procedure is a perfect reference for all participants of the EP care crew, from cardiac care nurses and technicians to EP and cardiology fellows to training electrophysiologists. jam-packed with questions designed to assist readers’ knowing of key innovations and retention of crucial proof, it really is an exceptional research reduction for these getting ready for board exam or different EP certifications.
Read or Download Essential Cardiac Electrophysiology: The Self-Assessment Approach PDF
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Additional resources for Essential Cardiac Electrophysiology: The Self-Assessment Approach
Example text
T Quinidine, disopyramide, and propafenone produce open channel block. t During resting state dissipation of block occurs (drugs dissociates from the site). t Drugs can produce Na channel block during resting, open or inactivated state. These are called state dependent block. Other type of channel block is voltage dependent. t Two different sodium channel blocking drugs may act synergistically. t Class 1A drugs increase APD thus increasing the time sodium channels spend in inactivated state. This will enhance the effectiveness of the drugs that bind to inactivated state (Class 1B drug such as lidocaine).
Under these conditions β2 and α1 stimulation results in atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. t This supports the observation that non selective beta blockers reduce cardiac mortality in post myocardial infarction (MI) and CHF patients. 2). 42 Essential Cardiac Electrophysiology t Presynaptic α2A and α2C receptor subtypes are important in decreasing sympathetic activity in the central nervous system as well as in decreasing the norepinephrine release in cardiac sympathetic nerve terminals. t β2 receptor is up-regulated in denervated, transplanted heart.
CAMP dependent activation of protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates and activates β adrenergic receptor. 1 Properties of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system. 2 Characteristics of the subtypes of adrenergic receptors. Receptor Agonist Antagonist Tissue Responses α1 Epi > NE> > Iso phenylephrine Prazosin Heart, ↑contractility, arrhythmias. Relaxation. Contraction. Intestinal SM Urinary & vascular SM Liver. Glycogenolysis gluconeogenesis α2 Epi > NE> > Iso, clonidine Yohimbine Pancreatic β cell Platelets Nerve terminal Vascular SM ↓Insulin Aggregation ↓NE Contraction β1 Iso > Epi = NE, dobutamine Metoprolol Heart ↑Inotropy, chronotropy & AV conduction.