By Berkeley Hill
The typical Agricultural coverage (CAP) has been assisting the earning of the ecu Union's agricultural neighborhood for part a century. regardless of this, there's nonetheless no reliable method in position to trace the commercial wellness of farmers and their households. This publication examines the facts at the total wealth of farming families, and concludes that during approximately all member states, they don't seem to be often a negative quarter of society, with disposable earning which are just like, or exceed, the nationwide ordinary. during this up-to-date version, the writer discusses the newest facts, makes thoughts for amassing higher details, and considers the results for the CAP as we input the second one decade of the twenty first century.
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Additional resources for Farm incomes, wealth and agricultural policy : filling the CAP's core information gap
Sample text
Once established, such protective policies are notoriously difficult to dismantle since the adjustment then necessary will involve a degree of catching-up. Effective interest groups and lobbies have built up in most Western countries (Wilson, 1977), so that a gap has been created between the 'normative' aspects of agricultural policy - by which is meant the 'ought to be' aspects such as the prevention of poverty and correction for externalities - and the 'political' aspects - which means the actions which are the most likely to be taken because they benefit those groups with the greatest influence (Cochrane, 1985).
Since the early 1980s, notably in the UK but now widespread in the EU, questions of environmental impact of agriculture have gained importance, with a search for policy instruments which produce a natural environment more in line with the public perception of what it ought to be and, in some measure, undo the changes for which other parts of past agricultural policy can be blamed. Add to the mix the heightened concern with animal welfare, and the balance of strands has demonstrably shifted from those linked to levels of agricultural production - the `productivise aspect - to those concerned with broader socio-economic issues.
The agricultural industry is affected not only by measures designed specifically impact on it but also by a range of general economic and social policies. Some of these, such as the taxation of capital, have had a major influence on the shape of agriculture in OECD countries. Conversely, agricultural policy is now recognised as having impacts on various non-agricultural aspects of the economy; trade, environment and rural employment are obvious examples. As the extent of interdependence has been increasingly recognised there has been a tendency for the boundaries of the term 'agricultural policy' to grow in both the vertical sense, embracing aspects of the input industries and food processing, and horizontally, to merge with social policy in rural areas, recreation and access to the countryside, pollution control and so on.