By Jaffer A. Ajani, Steven A. Curley, Nora A. Janjan, Patrick M. Lynch, J.L. Abbruzzese, R.E. Pollock
Gastrointestinal melanoma contains melanoma of the digestive method - the esophagus, colon, rectum, anus, liver, pancreas, and different digestive organs. Taken as a complete, there are an envisioned 250,600 new situations within the US. Colon and rectum melanoma is the 3rd major reason behind melanoma and melanoma deaths within the US. Gastrointestinal melanoma is the 3rd quantity within the M.D. Anderson melanoma Care sequence, that includes the present regular method of GI melanoma care from the specialists at M.D. Anderson melanoma heart. Designed for the working towards oncologist, this scientific guidebook enables speedy, authoritative entry to the most recent and top multimodality cures. themes lined during this quantity comprise AJCC staging of gastrointestinal malignancies, contemporary advances in histopathology of gastroinestinal cancers, imaging suggestions and endoscopy within the administration of GI malignancies, colorectal melanoma, liver melanoma, gastric melanoma, esophageal melanoma, anal melanoma, and palliative remedy. all of the 20 chapters ends with an updated checklist of instructed readings, in addition to "key perform issues" highlighting the main rules and practices of every bankruptcy for at-a-glance reference. greater than eighty illustrations supplement the textual content. This thorough, useful quantity is the basic medical advisor for the oncologists, surgeons, and all physicians all for the care of sufferers with GI melanoma.
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Additional info for Gastrointestinal Cancer (M.D. Anderson Cancer Care Series)
Sample text
For patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma, such as colorectal cancer, scanning during the portal venous phase is adequate. We use MRI in selected patients, including those who are allergic to iodinated intravenous contrast material, those with renal failure, and those with fatty liver. However, new and advanced MRI techniques continue to expand the applications of MRI, particularly in hepatic imaging. Current Status of Imaging Techniques in Gastrointestinal Cancers 35 Lesion Characterization We use various imaging studies to characterize lesions, with particular emphasis on distinguishing benign lesions from malignant lesions.
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Although several isotopes, such as 11C and 15O, have been used in clinical PET imaging, 18F is the most commonly used positron-emitting isotope because it has a half-life of 110 minutes, which makes it commercially accessible. 18F fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is the most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging in clinical oncology. The increased uptake of 18F-FDG in tumor cells is based on the upregulation of glucose transporter and hexokinase activity of the tumor. 18FFDG is transported into tumor cells and phosphorylated into 18F-FDG-6-P by hexokinase.