By G. D. Shabunin, A. G. Shabunin (auth.), Jean Klerkx, Beishen Imanackunov (eds.)
Lake Issyk-Kul is a closed lake positioned within the Tien Shan mountain belt of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. it's the world's 5th private lake (668 m) and the second one biggest excessive altitude lake on the earth (1607 m above sea level). The lake is plagued by numerous environmental threats of either anthropogenic and traditional foundation: decline of the lake point leading to steadily expanding salinity, incomplete vertical water alternate, and possibility of illness by way of prior and current commercial activity.
Although the lake has been intensively studied, the data is simply to be had in unpublished stories or neighborhood clinical journals. This booklet provides for the 1st time to a world viewers the most actual, chemical, organic and geological features of the lake, the culmination of decades of observations, complemented via contemporary result of foreign tasks. Case reports of comparable difficulties in different components of the realm are offered, including moral elements of the environmental safety of the lake.
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Additional resources for Lake Issyk-Kul: Its Natural Environment
Example text
Till recently Diptychus dybowskii Kessler has inhabited the littoral zone along the entire Issyk-Kul perimeter except for the mesotrophic Tyup gulf, where chironomide larvae have supplanted moIluscs because of eutrophication. Therefore, the drop in the number of Diptychus dybowskii Kessler may have been caused by the disappearance of the deep-water form ofRadix auricularia, which was its winter food. 5%) with municipal sewage; 28 tons (3%) with atmospheric precipitation, with the total annual amount of840-974 tons.
At later stages of eutrophication, only few organisms that have adapted to anaerobic exchange can persist in the deep water. ) var. obliquata Martens and R. ) var. obliquata ampla Hartman) that were rather frequent in Issyk-Kul [24] are now about extinction. The former is inhabitant of the littoral zone (to 65 m), and is almost completely absent from the sandy bottom. It lives in charophyte thickets, where it finds food and shelter and feeds upon various diatoms and filamentous algae which form foutings on the surface of boulders, pebbles, and microbial mounds in the areas of stony bottom and carbonate sedimentation.
9 glm2 in winter. ; orthocladines in charophyte thickets are of broad occurrence, and Radix auricularia is the predominant moIlusc species. Gammarus bergi M. and Gammarus ocellatus M. are the most abundant gammarids. The former is typical of stony biotopes and the latter lives among the thickets of charophyte algae. 5 glm2), with the predominant species of Chironomis anthracinus, Ch. plumosus, Strictochironomus pictulus, Micropsectra, and moIlusc Radix auricularia. issykulensis Hrabe) and one speeies of gammarids (Issykkogammarus hamatus Chevreux).