By Howard L. Kaufman, Janice M. Mehnert (eds.)
Melanoma is without doubt one of the so much forms of melanoma. whilst cancer is detected at an early level, therapy is extremely winning, yet results will be bad while the affliction is complicated. there was major growth in our knowing of the molecular biology, genetics, and immunology of cancer during the last decade. This has been followed via quick advances in healing techniques for sufferers with cancer. This booklet presents the clinician and the researcher with a wide realizing of the molecular and mobile pathogenesis of cancer, explores the scientific features and standards for scientific and pathological staging of the sickness, and offers an summary of present and evolving remedy recommendations within the adjuvant, metastatic, and preventive settings. The remedy of detailed populations and infrequent variations of cancer that regularly current specific scientific demanding situations is additionally lined. Authored by way of overseas specialists in cancer biology and medical administration, this quantity concisely explains find out how to diagnose, deal with, and stop cancer whereas reviewing advances in simple technological know-how and supplying an summary of cutting edge ways nonetheless below development.
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Extra resources for Melanoma
Example text
A population-based study of Australian twins estimated that 55 % of the variation in susceptibility to melanoma is due to genetic influences [215]. Genetic factors have also been shown to contribute as much or more to melanoma risk prediction than classical risk factors, over and above pigmentary effects [57]. The discovery of melanoma susceptibility genes can improve our knowledge of the biological pathways involved in melanoma development. This knowledge can be translated into potential new targets for future therapies and more accurate melanoma prediction tools which can improve our identification of people at high risk for melanoma who might benefit from screening or targeted prevention strategies [57].
Cust AE, Harland M, Makalic E et al (2011) Melanoma risk for CDKN2A mutation carriers who are relatives of population-based case carriers in Australia and the UK. J Med Genet 48:266–272 59. Dennis LK, Vanbeek MJ, Beane Freeman LE et al (2008) Sunburns and risk of cutaneous melanoma: does age matter? A comprehensive meta-analysis. Ann Epidemiol 18:614–627 60. Devitt B, Liu W, Salemi R et al (2011) Clinical outcome and pathological features associated with NRAS mutation in cutaneous melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 24:666–672 61.
Clearly, the weight of the evidence for melanoma in these ecological studies does not support a role for diagnosis during the summer and improved survival. So, in summary, the ecologic studies are mixed in their results, but the weight of the evidence no longer supports a strong positive association between latitude and UV exposure. 2 Analytic Studies Unfortunately, few analytic studies have interviewed patients for sun exposure and residential histories and then followed subjects for mortality.