By Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD
Within the look for a quick, sustainable and lasting restoration from the commercial main issue, technological know-how, expertise and innovation are anticipated to play a using position. yet what are the results for technology and innovation coverage? What steps are international locations taking to spice up their features in those parts? What position are rising economies more likely to occupy within the technology, expertise and innovation panorama? The OECD technological know-how, expertise and Outlook 2010 experiences key tendencies in technology, know-how and innovation in OECD nations and a few significant rising economies together with Brazil, China, India, Russia and South Africa. utilizing the newest on hand information and signs, it examines themes excessive at the schedule of monetary coverage makers, together with functionality in technology and innovation, traits in nationwide technology, know-how and innovation guidelines and the layout and evaluate of innovation coverage, together with coverage interactions and the coverage combine. It presents person profiles of the technological know-how and innovation functionality of every state and relates those to their nationwide context and present coverage challenges.Table of content material :ForewordOECD at 50 - technology and expertise are everybody's businessBetter regulations for larger livesExecutive SummaryChapter 1. Key tendencies in technological know-how, expertise and Innovation-A turbulent backdrop to fresh rends in technology, expertise and innovation-The contemporary growth of R&D spending slowed via 2008-More contemporary facts recommend total R&D funding has slowed within the fiscal downturn-Human assets are a primary input to R&D and innovation-Reaping the results-The endured importance of globalisation-Annex 1.A1. dating of R&D expenditure progress to development in researcher numbersChapter 2. Main developments in technological know-how, expertise and Innovation Policy-Introduction-National recommendations for technological know-how, know-how and innovation-Improving actors' talents and enhancing incentives for innovation-Enhancing networking between actors-Developing and strengthening human capital-Outlook: destiny challengesChapter three. technological know-how and Innovation: kingdom Notes-Australia-Austria-Belgium-Brazil-Canada-Chile-China-Czech Republic-Denmark-Estonia-Finland-France-Germany-Greece-Hungary-Iceland-India-Indonesia-Ireland-Israel-Italy-Japan-Korea-Luxembourg-Mexico-Netherlands-New Zealand-Norway-Poland-Portugal-Russian Federation-Slovak Republic-Slovenia-South Africa-Spain-Sweden-Switzerland-Turkey-United Kingdom-United States-Annex 3.A1 - Description of symptoms and methodChapter four. The Innovation coverage Mix-Introduction-What is the coverage combine and the way is it useful?-Coherence within the coverage mix-International coverage studying and the coverage mix-Conclusion
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Private and public R&D investments tend to be planned ahead), and most countries’ stimulus packages took effect from 2009 (OECD, 2009d, p. 110). Moreover, some data for 2008 for some countries are provisional. Figures for 2009, which will enable deeper analysis of the effect of the financial crisis and economic downturn, will only be available in mid-2011. 2 It highlights changes that can be detected for 2008, and the following section draws on additional data from various sources to help begin to analyse the effect of the economic downturn through 2009.
This overall figure masks substantial differences among countries. 5% and 4%, respectively. 5%. The drop in investment in Europe, at least, may be driven mostly by private spending, with a survey of 27 EU member states indicating that 15 countries increased their public R&D budgets from 2008 to 2009, while six reduced theirs (Mega, 2010). Several states emphasised the role of EU structural funds in maintaining public R&D during the crisis. OECD SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY OUTLOOK 2010 © OECD 2010 35 1.
Innovative solutions in microfinance and other financial tools would also benefit end users and stakeholders in the water sector by providing the capital to improve their “water footprint”. OECD SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY OUTLOOK 2010 © OECD 2010 21 1. 2. ) Such studies highlight, however, that innovation alone cannot successfully tackle these challenges – the underlying governance frameworks are also important. In their report on land use, the UK Government Office for Science (2010) argued that new governance arrangements would be a major part of addressing land use issues, as currently divided responsibilities create complexity and uncertainty.