By Jian-Fang Ren
Great advances in intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) have coincided with the evolution of interventional electrophysiology.This publication is designed to supply either the electrophysiologist and echocardiographer with an in-depth view of the position and price of ICE in the course of electrophysiologic strategies. A consultant to suggestions used for optimum ICE imaging in cardiac electrophysiology is supplied. furthermore, new and less-recognized makes use of of ICE in electrophysiological methods are defined and their scientific purposes are awarded. Illustrated with over 500 photos, a lot of that are in colour, the ebook can be used as a realistic atlas. Readers don't need to be specialists within the box of echocardiography to profit from this sensible method of intracardiac imaging in electrophysiology.
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Additional resources for Practical Intracardiac Echocardiography in Electrophysiology
Example text
C: catheter; RPA: right pulmonary artery. color flow image. Continuous wave Doppler recording of tricuspid regurgitation is used to calculate the right atrial–right ventricular systolic pressure difference from the modified Bernoulli equation (P1 −P2 = 4V2 ), using the peak velocity of the regurgitant jet [25–27]. 15). 8 ICE image with the transducer placed in the high right atrium (RA), showing color flow imaging of a secundum atrial septum defect (17 mm diameter) with left to right shunt (red mosaic color).
27. 8 ICE image with the transducer placed in the right atrium (RA), showing the left ventricular (LV) inflow with mitral valve. CS: coronary sinus; LA: left atrium. There are many important intracardiac structures which can be used as anatomic landmarks during interventional electrophysiologic procedures. Imaging technique of important cardiac anatomy, including normal variants, is described as follows. 10 ICE images demonstrating the ostia (arrows) of the upper (URPV) and lower right pulmonary veins (LRPV).
4) or a transverse heart where accidental catheterization of this structure is more common. 40). 38 ICE images recorded with the transducer in the right atrium (RA): (a) demonstrates the right ventricular (RV) inflow and outflow tract (RVO) with mixed color flow in the RA at end-systole; (b) with the transducer advanced superiorly and anteriorly up to the interatrial septum (IAS), demonstrates the pulmonic valve (pv), the pulmonary artery (PA), the right pulmonary artery (RPA) and the aortic root (Ao), and shows mixed color flow in the Ao at early systole; (c) with the transducer rotated clockwise and deflected anteriorly, demonstrates the proximal left pulmonary artery (LPA) at the bifurcation of the PA.