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By Ernan McMullin

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Additional info for The concept of matter in Greek and medieval philosophy

Example text

There are those who deny that Plato, strictly speaking, has any doctrine of matter or material cause. 1 Certainly, even if one is to go as far as Friedlander, who tells us that Plato originated the doctrine of matter 2 , it must be recognized that the concept in Plato is not at all the same as Aristotle's wood. There is, in both of them, an indeterminate substrate, a principle of limitation of form or essence, but the mode of reality and functioning of this principle are profoundly different in each.

There are those who deny that Plato, strictly speaking, has any doctrine of matter or material cause. 1 Certainly, even if one is to go as far as Friedlander, who tells us that Plato originated the doctrine of matter 2 , it must be recognized that the concept in Plato is not at all the same as Aristotle's wood. There is, in both of them, an indeterminate substrate, a principle of limitation of form or essence, but the mode of reality and functioning of this principle are profoundly different in each.

It seems to be clear that the concept of matter which the Presocratic philosophers began to develop was destined to play a role of significance rather to science than to philosophy. Thus Leucippus and Democritus are regarded as the precursors of John Dalton, and Empedocles is sometimes described as the father of chemistry. "T he philosopher's concept of matter, on the other hand, seems to require a concept of form as its opposite and complement. While the origins of such a concept of form can perhaps be traced back to the Pythagoreans, its articulate application appears to be recognisable only in the writings of Plato and Aristotle.

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