By Peo C. Koller Ph. D., D. Sc. (auth.)
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12 shows that over a fifteen year time period the modal number varied between 50 and 65 (KOLLER, 1960). 26 Malignant Cell Populations and the Stemline Concept Since ISHIBASHI'S successful transmission of Yoshida sarcoma by one cell inoculation (1950), many tumour clones have been established. The chromosome constitution of several clones of EHRLICH and Krebs-2 ascites tumours of mice were Fig. 13a Fig. 13. Chromosome constitution and karyotype of two cells in HeLa strain: a) 55 chromosomes, b) 109 chromosomes; in both cells several chromosomes have altered morphology (By courtesy of Dr.
The best known human cell line is HeLa, isolated from a biopsy of a human cervical carcinoma by GEY and his associates in 1952. HeLa was grown in vitro for three years before its chromosomes were studied by Hsu (1954 a) who found a very wide spectrum of variation in chromosome number, ranging from 50 to several hundreds, and reported the modal number to be 83. The chromosomal constitution of secondary clones of HeLa were analysed by CHU and GILES (1958) who observed different numerical and structural changes in the various clones, and differences in the frequency of cells with the modal chromosome number.
Transplant generation were cultured in vitro, and dividing cells in the culture were followed by cinephotography. In the culture no cells with anaphase chromosome bridges were found, yet when these cultured cells were re-transplanted into animals and a tumour developed, cells with chromosome bridges re-appeared (KOLLER and WAYMOUTH, 1952). It seems that the expression of cellular instability is under the influence of the environment, in vivo it persisted up to the 93rd. transplant generation. The cytological study of this particular tumour shows that structural and numerical alterations in chromosome constitution can arise in malignant cells not only in the initial phase of tumour development, but at any stage in the growth of the tumour.