By Daniel Gilling
This paintings summarizes and synthesizes the monstrous crime prevention literature to supply an approachable and accomplished textual content for college students. It units out a serious research within the context of the politics of legal justice coverage.
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Extra info for Crime Prevention: Theory, Policy And Practice
Sample text
Merry’s ethnographic research points out that good designs do not necessarily prevent crimes, for “spaces may be defensible but not defended if the social apparatus for effective defense is lacking” (1981:419). She found that the anonymity produced by ethnic heterogeneity had a significant influence upon people’s willingness to intervene, as did the mistrust of criminal justice agencies. ” She suggests, then, that defensible space may be a necessary but not sufficient condition for crime prevention, but even this is debatable, for Mayhew (1979) draws attention to the existence of estates that have low defensible space and also low crime rates.
The limitations of the theories have been hinted at in this section, deriving mainly from their narrow conceptions of human nature, or the generally poor quality of the information upon which they are based. These limitations, however, have not prevented the employment of the theories to justify certain preventive approaches, and in this regard their scientific utility is considerably less important than their political utility. However, the perceived post-war rise in crime has damaged their political utility, and has rendered the recycling of traditional theories and criminal justice practices more problematic.
Natural criminals could be plucked from the population and subjected to all sorts of unpleasant preventive interventions, according to this paradigm, which had very strong Darwinian and eugenic overtones. Crime prevention 24 Positivist criminology of this sort had profound implications for a criminal justice system built upon the principles of neoclassicism, especially politically, since it implied a subordinate role for legalism, and a dominant role for the scientist. Unsurprisingly, therefore, there was no fundamental conversion of the criminal justice system to the positivist cause, although that is not to suggest that the latter was not without influence.