By Murty K.
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Additional info for Optimization models for decision making
Example text
That’s why when there are several decision makers involved, it is necessary for them to come to a concensus on the ratings given. When the evaluation (quantitative measurement, or a rating) for a chartacteristic follows “the higher the better” rule, that characteristic is known as a profit characteristic. If the evaluation follows “the lower the better” rule, then that characteristic is known as a cost characteristic. A profit characteristic can be made into a cost characteristic and vice versa by multiplying its evaluation by −1.
If the unit for measuring this characteristic is selected as: “lifetime cost expressed in $”, the evaluation of this characteristic for this automobile is 20,000. On the other hand if the unit for measuring this characteristic is selected as “annual (or yearly) cost expressed in $”, the evaluation of this characteristic requires an estimate of the lifetime of this automobile, or how long the customer intends to use it. There is likely to be quite a bit of uncertainty in this, and the customer has to use human judgement and rational thinking to come up with a reasonable estimate (in other words this is not something that can be tackled by elegant mathematical techniques only).
We will multiply profit characteristic measurements by −1 to convert them into costs. PRICE: Paid at time of purchase, once in the lifetime of this motorcycle with our person, given in $, a lifetime cost. FUEL EXPENSES: As measured, the MPG is a profit characteristic, we convert it into cost in terms of lifetime fuel cost. Average lifetime usage of a motor cycle is 100,000 miles in our country. Reasonable to assume that our person will have the same usage. Various methods can be used to estimate avarage cost/gallon of fuel over lifetime of this motorcycle.