By Feucht, D.
This quantity, for engineers and scholars, offers the fundamental ideas of transistor circuit research, uncomplicated per-stage development blocks, and suggestions. The content material is specific to quasi-static (low-frequency) concerns, to stress simple topological rules. The reader could be in a position to learn and layout multi-stage amplifiers with suggestions, together with calculation and specification of achieve, enter and output resistances, together with the consequences of transistor output resistance. The presentation of suggestions research contains very important insights omitted of different books. Multiple-path amplifiers is additionally a topic hardly ever stumbled on somewhere else, although universal in perform. either are lined with insights and from angles that may decrease research to inspection for readers. a few circuit ameliorations defined inside of are particularly valuable in lowering circuits to less complicated types for research. they're usefully utilized in contemplating transistor circuits for which collector-emitter (or drain-source) resistance isn't negligible, one other usually passed over subject which this publication info. Examples are given all through to demonstrate program of rules.
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Additional info for Designing Amplifier Circuits, Volume 1 - Analog Circuit Design Series
Sample text
Differential output voltage is differential vo = vo 2 − vo 1 A differential amplifier can be built from two CE amplifiers that share currentsource resistor, Ro, as shown. Because the emitters are coupled, it is sometimes called an emitter-coupled amplifier. To achieve true differential amplification, the circuit must be symmetric so that the gains of each input to the output are the same in magnitude and opposite in sign. The output voltage for a general twoinput voltage-difference amplifier is vo = Av 2 ⋅vi 2 − Av 1⋅vi 1 +VCC RL2 RL1 vo1 c – vo2 vo b1ib1 RB1 + vi1 – – b2ib2 b b ib1 re2 re1 e RL2 RL1 c + RE2 RE1 RB2 + + vi2 vi – e vo + Q1 Q2 RE1 – RE2 I0 –V1 Q3 Ro Ro –VEE Amplifier Circuits 49 The condition for differential amplification is that Av2 = Av1.
Similarly, the CB has a good resistance match but also has a maximum current gain of one. In these cases, the CE is the best choice because it provides useful voltage and current gain. It also is optimal for transconductance amplification because its resistances match best. The CB is best for transresistance amplifiers for the same reason. Overall, the CE is the most versatile configuration and is used the most in practice. When Amplifier Circuits 27 these basic configurations are combined in pairs, the resulting two-transistor configurations exceed the basic configurations in approaching the ideal.
Example: CC Amplifier The emitter-follower has a voltage divider at its output. 95 mA. 1 V, but this does not affect the small-signal amplifier parameters (using the T model). 0 kΩ ) = 227 kΩ These compare to the SPICE results to three digits. Except for arithmetic roundoff, there is no difference between these results. A more accurate calculation of the operating point is necessary to produce a more accurate value of re, however. 342E+02 The input and output resistances of the three configurations can be summarized in a table.